Golang Heap Data Structure

A heap is a data structure that is based on the heap property. The heap data structure is used in selection, graph, and k-way merge algorithms. Operations such as finding, merging, insertion, key changes, and deleting are performed on heaps.

Heaps are part of the container/heap package in Go. According to the heap order (maximum heap)property, the value stored at each node is greater than or equal to its children.

Golang Heap Data Structure

The following example shows how to use the container/heap package to create a heap data structure: 

package main

// importing fmt package and container/heap
import (
	"container/heap"
	"fmt"
)

// integerHeap a type
type IntegerHeap []int

// IntegerHeap method - gets the length of integerHeap
func (iheap IntegerHeap) Len() int { return len(iheap) }

// IntegerHeap method - checks if element of i index is less than j index
func (iheap IntegerHeap) Less(i, j int) bool { return iheap[i] < iheap[j] }

// IntegerHeap method -swaps the element of i to j index
func (iheap IntegerHeap) Swap(i, j int) { iheap[i], iheap[j] = iheap[j], iheap[i] }

//IntegerHeap method -pushes the item
func (iheap *IntegerHeap) Push(heapintf interface{}) {

	*iheap = append(*iheap, heapintf.(int))
}

//IntegerHeap method -pops the item from the heap
func (iheap *IntegerHeap) Pop() interface{} {
	var n int
	var x1 int
	var previous IntegerHeap = *iheap
	n = len(previous)
	x1 = previous[n-1]
	*iheap = previous[0 : n-1]
	return x1
}

// main method
func main() {
	var intHeap *IntegerHeap = &IntegerHeap{1, 4, 5}

	heap.Init(intHeap)
	heap.Push(intHeap, 2)
	fmt.Printf("minimum: %d\n", (*intHeap)[0])
	for intHeap.Len() > 0 {
		fmt.Printf("%d \n", heap.Pop(intHeap))
	}
}

Run the following command to execute the heap.go file: 

G:\GoLang\examples>go run go_example.go
minimum: 1
1 
2 
4 
5

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