In this source code example, we will demonstrate how to use the delete() method in Spring Data JPA to delete an entity from the database table.
While deleteById() focuses on removing an entity based on its ID, delete() is designed for direct entity removal. If you have an instance of an entity and you wish to remove it from the database, delete() is the method you'd employ.In this example, we will use the Product entity to save and delete to/from the MySQL database.
Maven Dependencies
First, you need to add the below dependencies to your Spring boot project:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-j</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
Create Product Entity
Let's first create a Product entity that we are going to save and delete to/from the MySQL database:
package net.javaguides.springdatajpacourse.entity;
import org.hibernate.annotations.CreationTimestamp;
import org.hibernate.annotations.UpdateTimestamp;
import jakarta.persistence.*;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.Date;
@Entity
@Table(name="products")
public class Product {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Column(name = "id")
private Long id;
@Column(name = "sku")
private String sku;
@Column(name = "name")
private String name;
@Column(name = "description")
private String description;
@Column(name = "price")
private BigDecimal price;
@Column(name = "image_url")
private String imageUrl;
@Column(name = "active")
private boolean active;
@Column(name = "date_created")
@CreationTimestamp
private Date dateCreated;
@Column(name = "last_updated")
@UpdateTimestamp
private Date lastUpdated;
// getter and setter methods
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Product{" +
"id=" + id +
", sku='" + sku + '\'' +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", description='" + description + '\'' +
", price=" + price +
", imageUrl='" + imageUrl + '\'' +
", active=" + active +
", dateCreated=" + dateCreated +
", lastUpdated=" + lastUpdated +
'}';
}
}
ProductRepository
Let's create ProductRepository which extends the JpaRepository interface:
import net.javaguides.springdatajpacourse.entity.Product;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
public interface ProductRepository extends JpaRepository<Product, Long> {
}
Configure MySQL and Hibernate Properties
Let's use the MySQL database to store and retrieve the data in this example and we gonna use Hibernate properties to create and drop tables.
Open the application.properties file and add the following configuration to it:
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/demo?useSSL=false
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=Mysql@123
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto = create-drop
spring.jpa.show-sql=true
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.format_sql=true
Make sure that you will create a demo database before running the Spring boot application.
Also, change the MySQL username and password as per your MySQL installation on your machine.
Testing delete() Method
Let's write a JUnit test to test delete() method:
import net.javaguides.springdatajpacourse.entity.Product;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.jdbc.AutoConfigureTestDatabase;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.DataJpaTest;
import org.springframework.test.annotation.Rollback;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.List;
@DataJpaTest
@AutoConfigureTestDatabase(replace= AutoConfigureTestDatabase.Replace.NONE)
class ProductRepositoryTest {
@Autowired
private ProductRepository productRepository;
protected Product getProduct1(){
Product product = new Product();
product.setName("product 1");
product.setDescription("product 1 desc");
product.setPrice(new BigDecimal(100));
product.setSku("product 1 sku");
product.setActive(true);
product.setImageUrl("product1.png");
return product;
}
@Test
void testDeleteMethod(){
Product product = getProduct1();
productRepository.save(product);
// delete product by id
productRepository.delete(product);
}
}
We are using @DataJpaTest annotation to write a JUnit test for the ProductRepository delete() method.
@AutoConfigureTestDatabase annotation is to disable embedded in-memory database support and enable MySQL database support.
Output
Here is the output of the above JUnit test case we wrote for testing the delete() method:
Hibernate:
insert
into
products
(active, date_created, description, image_url, last_updated, name, price, sku)
values
(?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
Hibernate:
delete
from
products
where
id=?
Note that Spring Data JPA (Hibernate) produces the above SQL query to delete a record from the database table.
delete
from
products
where
id=?
Considerations
Existence Checks: The delete() method will not raise an error if you attempt to delete an entity that doesn't exist in the database. However, if the entity has changes that haven't persisted, you might encounter unexpected results.
Database Constraints: As with deleteById(), ensure the deletion doesn't violate database constraints. Referential integrity issues can arise if related records in other tables depend on the record you're attempting to delete.
Cascading Deletions: JPA's cascading operations mean that deleting a parent entity might cascade the delete operation to its children. Make sure you understand these cascade behaviors when setting up your entity relationships.
Related Spring Data JPA Examples
- Spring Data JPA - save() Method Example
- Spring Data JPA - saveAll() Method Example
- Spring Data JPA - findById() Method Example
- Spring Data JPA - findAll() Method Example
- Spring Data JPA - count() Method Example
- Spring Data JPA - deleteById() Method Example
- Spring Data JPA - delete() Method Example
- Spring Data JPA - deleteAll() Method Example
- Spring Data JPA - Distinct Query Method Example
- Spring Data JPA - GreaterThan Query Method Example
- Spring Data JPA - LessThan Query Method Example
- Spring Data JPA - Containing Query Method Example
- Spring Data JPA - Like Query Method Example
- Spring Data JPA - Between Query Method Example
- Spring Data JPA - Date Range Between Query Method Example
- Spring Data JPA - In Clause Query Method Example